More Americans Than Ever Suffer From Chronic Pain

Medscape / By Diana Swift

More Americans than ever are hurting with enduring, life-restricting pain. Like obesity, this condition is on the rise, according to figures in a new NCHS Data Brief from the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

In 2023, 24.3% of US adults had chronic pain, and 8.5% had high-impact chronic pain (HICP) that frequently limited daily activities in the past 3 months. Both types increased with age and with decreasing urbanization level. Women were more likely than men to have HICP (23.2% vs 7.3%). 

Like obesity, chronic pain is multifactorial and is best managed with multidisciplinary intervention, said Jianguo Cheng, MD, PhD, a professor of anesthesiology and medical director of the Cleveland Clinic Consortium for Pain, Cleveland, Ohio. “It’s a complex mix of genetic, biological, and psychosocial dimensions that can cause ongoing pain out of proportion to the original limited injury that triggered it.”

While today’s longer lifespans are the primary driver of the increase, noted Martin Cheatle, PhD, an associate professor of psychiatry, anesthesiology, and critical care and director of behavioral medicine at the Penn Pain Medicine Center at the University of Pennsylvania’s Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, another important factor is the more than 100 million Americans who suffer from obesity. “Obesity is a major risk factor for chronic pain conditions including advancing joint disease, low back pain, and diabetic neuropathies,” he said.

Age is an amplifier, agreed Beth Darnall, PhD, a professor of anesthesiology and perioperative and pain medicine and director of the Pain Relief Innovations Lab at Stanford University in Palo Alto, California, but the increases in chronic pain and HICP cut across age strata. 

“Across the board we see striking increases in chronic pain, such as a 5% increase for those 65 and older, and a nearly 2% increase in HICP in that same age group,” Darnall said, referencing the changes from 2019 data in the new NCHS Data Brief. “And an almost 4% increase was observed for the youngest adult age category,18 to 29. Some of our research is now focusing on how to best treat chronic pain in young adults.”

The rise in chronic pain is broadly linked to the overall decline in the health of the US population, as indicated by the CDC 2024’s Chronic Disease Prevalence in the US: Sociodemographic and Geographic Variations by Zip Code Tabulation Area

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